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Estate Tax, IRS An estimated 42,239 Federal estate tax returns (Forms 706) were filed for 2004 decedents, a 61-percent decrease from the 109,562 returns filed for decedents who died in 2001, the last year for which a comparable estimate was made.1 This decrease is largely the result of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001(EGTRRA), which increased the filing threshold from $675,000 for 2001 deaths to $1.5 million for 2004 deaths. Estate tax returns filed for 2004 decedents with gross estates above $1.5 million reported a combined $185.9 billion in total gross estate. The largest asset type in the overall portfolio of these decedents was publicly traded stock, valued at $51.5 billion, followed by investment real estate and tax-exempt bonds, valued at $27.2 billion and $18.3 billion, respectively. Estates also reported about $3.0 billion of assets held in family limited partnership interests (FLPs). Valuation discounts taken against total assets accounted for $6.5 billion. Of this total, $3.5 billion were reported on assets held in FLPs. Approximately 20.6 percent of returns filed for 2004 decedents reported a bequest to charity. Larger estates were more likely to report a charitable bequest and, on average, left a larger share of total gross estate to charity. After accounting for charitable bequests, marital bequests, and other deductions and credits, about 45.7 percent of returns filed for 2004 decedents reported estate tax liability. These 19,294 returns combined reported $22.2 billion in net estate tax. Background: Federal transfer tax law and eGtRRA of 2001 The Federal estate tax, the gift tax, and the generation- skipping transfer tax compose the Federal transfer tax system. The Federal estate tax, passed into law with the Revenue Act of 1916 and described in Internal Revenue Code (IRC) section 2001, is neither a tax on property nor an inheritance tax on the receipt of property. Rather, the estate tax is a tax on the right to transfer property at death. For deaths that oc- Federal estate tax Returns Filed for 2004 Decedents By Brian G. Raub curred in 2004, the filing threshold for property transfers at death was $1.5 million in total gross estate. The gift tax, applied to lifetime transfers of property, was imposed by the Revenue Act of 1932, in part to prevent estate tax avoidance. Prior to passage of the 1932 Act, individuals could transfer assets during life and thereby avoid estate taxation at death. Under current law, an individual may give up to $12,000 per year to any number of recipients with no Federal gift tax liability. The generation-skipping transfer (GST) tax, imposed by the Tax Reform Act (TRA) of 1976 and later modified by the 1986 Tax Reform Act, ensures that the transmission of hereditary wealth is taxed at each generational level. This additional tax is applied to the value of property transferred to an individual or individuals two or more generations below that of the decedent. The creation of GST trusts, distributions from the principal of trusts, and the termination of income interests are taxable events under generationskipping transfer tax law. Direct transfers are also taxable under GST law. Qualifying transfers in excess of $1.5 million are currently subject to the generation-skipping transfer tax. On passage of TRA of 1976, estate and gift taxes shared a unified framework of graduated and progressive tax rates, while the generation-skipping transfer tax applied the maximum Federal estate tax rate to taxable generation-skipping transfers. With the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act (EGTRRA) of 2001, Congress made significant changes to the Federal transfer tax framework. Most noteworthy, of course, was lawmakers’ decision to eventually repeal the estate tax, as well as the generation-skipping transfer tax. The exemption amount for estates increased from $675,000 for 2001 deaths to $1.0 million for 2002 deaths to $1.5 million for 2004 deaths (Figure A). The exemption increased to $2.0 million for 2006 deaths and will rise to $3.5 million for 2009 deaths. For 2010 deaths, no estate tax will apply.

List of major tax havens. Lowtax.net

Andorra, Anguilla, Anjouan, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, Botswana, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Cyprus, Dubai, Gibraltar, Grenada, Guernsey, Hong Kong, Ireland, Isle of Man , Jersey, Labuan, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Madeira, Malta, Mauritius, Monaco, The Netherland Antilles, Panama, Seychelles, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Switzerland, Turks & Caicos Islands, Vanuatu,

UBS
UBS admits helping tax evaders Swiss banking giant agrees to pay $780 million and hand over account information after helping U.S. clients evade the IRS. Vanguard founder blames banks.   - Switzerland's largest bank, UBS, has admitted helping U.S. taxpayers hide money from the IRS, and has agreed to pay $780 million in fines and restitution, and to turn over account information. The deferred prosecution agreement was approved Wednesday by a federal court judge in Fort Lauderdale, Fla.

"UBS admitted to conspiring to defraud the United States by impeding the IRS," the Justice Department announced late Wednesday.

The statement says that UBS, "in an unprecedented move" based on an order by Swiss authorities, has agreed "to immediately provide the U.S. government with the identities of, and account information for, certain U.S. customers of UBS's cross-border business."

UBS (UBS) also has agreed to end its business practice of providing banking services to U.S. customers with undeclared accounts.

"Swiss bankers routinely traveled to the United States to market Swiss bank secrecy to United States clients interested in attempting to evade U.S. income taxes," the Justice Department said.

The government document says Swiss bankers made a total of about 3,800 trips to discuss their clients' accounts.

The government said that because the bank has acknowledged responsibility for its actions, has cooperated fully, and has taken remedial actions, the United States will recommend dismissal of the criminal charge "provided the bank fully carries out its obligations under the agreement."

Two former UBS bankers have pleaded guilty to charges of conspiracy for similar conduct.

The acting head of the Justice Department Tax Division called Wednesday's agreement "but one milestone" in the effort to make sure U.S. citizens pay their fair share of taxes.

"The veil of secrecy has been pulled aside, and we will continue to aggressively pursue those who shirk their federal tax obligations, or assist others in doing so," said John DiCicco, acting assistant attorney general for the Justice Department Tax Division.

IRS Commissioner Doug Shulman issued a warning to the taxpayers who held the accounts, telling them to voluntarily pay up.

Shulman said the taxpayers should note that Wednesday's agreement also stipulates that the U.S. government will continue to seek enforcement of its court action.

"People who have hidden unreported income off shore need to get right with their government. They should come forward and take advantage of our voluntary disclosure process," Shulman said.

 

Home energy tax credits can save you thousands By Dan Shapley Posted Wed Feb 25, 2009 2:08pm PST Related topics: Finances, Weather, Government, Electric Cars, Solar Power, Heating-Cooling More from Daily Green News blog 9 votes Buzz up!

(Photo: Ivars Zolnerovichs / iStockPhoto)

When Congress passed the financial bailout bill late last year, it included a range of federal tax credits and cash gifts for businesses — but also a suite of new and renewed tax credits for individuals who want to make energy efficiency and renewable energy improvements to their home or cars.

When President Obama signed the economic stimulus bill in February, the federal government expanded and extended some of those credits.

So what's in it for homeowners and other regular taxpayers? There are several important provisions anyone can take advantage of (changes made by the economic stimulus bill are in bold):

$1,500 Home Tax Credits for Energy Efficiency You can claim a home tax credit for energy efficiency improvements made in 2009 (but not for improvements made in 2008) if you installed new insulation, energy-efficient windows, or an energy-efficient furnace, boiler, or air conditioner.

A tax credit of up to $500 that expired in 2007 has been renewed for 2009 by the bailout bill, and expanded to $1,500 by the economic stimulus bill. It covers up to 30% (expanded from 10% by the economic stimulus bill) of the cost of a range of projects that meet certain specifications. Do $5,000 worth of qualifying work, and you not only get a $1,500 rebate, but also savings on energy bills for years to come. (Get more ideas for money-saving home energy efficiency improvements with The Daily Green's 19 Tips to Winterize Your Home feature.)

The economic stimulus bill also stripped out most caps on individual home improvements, which had applied to windows, heating equipment, and other energy efficiency improvements.

Note that the tax credit applies only to equipment, not labor.

Find more information about these home energy efficiency tax credits at the Alliance to Save Energy, Energy Star, or Department of Energy websites. Note that much of this information reflects the tax incentives in place in 2006 and 2007; for the most part, the 2009 tax credits are identical, but check updated criteria for which products qualify, for instance.

$2,000 or More in Home Energy Tax Credits for Geothermal Pumps, Solar Energy Systems, Wind Turbines, or Fuel Cells The economic stimulus bill removed the $2,000 cap that had applied to geothermal heat pumps, leaving in place the 30% tax rebate on qualified solar energy systems, geothermal heat pumps, small wind turbines, and fuel cell systems. Install all four and that's $8,000!

Ground-source heat pumps are installed underground and use the constant 50-degree subsurface temperature to cool air or water in the summer, and heat it in the winter — both of which reduce the cost of heating or cooling year-round.

The solar energy tax credit is now good through 2016. (See The Daily Green's Home Solar Panel Reviews: The Most Efficient and Best-Value Home Solar Panels.)

$500 Home Energy Tax Credits for Fuel Cells or Microturbines The tax incentive that had covered 30% of the cost of fuel cell or microturbine systems in homes, which lapsed in 2008, has been restored for 2009 and through 2016. It covers up to $500 per 0.5 kW of capacity.

$7,500 Energy Tax Credits for Plug-in Hybrid Cars The first 200,000 buyers of plug-in hybrid vehicles from each manufacturer now qualify for a $7,500 tax rebate.  A similar tax credit for hybrid vehicles had been capped at $3,500 before the bailout bill.

$2,500 for Plug-in Electric Motorcycles, or Low-Speed or Three-Wheeled Vehicles The economic stimulus bill established a 10% tax credit through 2011 with a cap of $2,500 for new electric plug-in motorcycles, and low-speed and three-wheeled vehicles. There's also a 10% tax rebate and a $4,000 cap for converting an existing vehicle to a plug-in.

$50,000 for Installing a Clean-Fuel Refueling System While few homeowners may be ready to take advantage, those who want to install a clean-fuel refueling system, like a natural-gas refueler or a charging system for a plug-in electric vehicle, can now qualify for up to $50,000 — up from $30,000 — if the system is installed in 2009 or 2010, thanks to the stimulus bill. Go with hydrogen and the credit increases to $200,000, and you have until 2014 to take advantage of it.

Wildcard: State Energy Tax Credits Keep your eyes out for new incentives from your state, since the bill also authorizes an $800 million government bond program that encourages states to create incentives for new and existing energy conservation and related programs. Some of that money is likely to be used toward state tax breaks and other incentives that will vary by location.

Among the incentives to watch for is up to $6,500 per qualifying home in the Weatherization Assistance Program. The Department of Energy's Office of Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency, which provides grants to states and local governments that trickle down to individuals, had its budget increased nearly 10-fold.

 

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